Glossary
Waste means any substance or object which the holder discards or intends to or is required to discard. Any other object or substance whose collection, transport and treatment are necessary for the purpose of protecting public interests is also considered as waste.
Waste holder means the waste producer or the natural or legal person who is in possession of the waste.
Waste producer means anyone whose activities produce waste and/or anyone who changes the composition or the properties of waste by pre-processing, mixing or other operations.
Municipal waste means waste generated by households or any other waste comparable in nature and composition to household waste, excluding production waste and waste from agriculture and forestry.
Mixed municipal waste means waste from households as well as commercial, industrial and institutional waste, which because of its nature and composition is similar to waste from households, from which no fractions have been excluded by means of a special operation (such as paper, glass, etc.) and is indicated in the Waste Catalogue under subheading 20 03 01.
Biodegradable waste means any waste that is capable of undergoing biological aerobic or anaerobic decomposition.
Biowaste means biodegradable garden and park waste, food and kitchen waste from households, restaurants, caterers and retail premises and comparable waste from food processing plants.
Biodegradable municipal waste means any waste generated by households and waste comparable in nature and composition to household waste, excluding production waste and waste from agriculture and forestry, which contains biodegradable waste.
Production waste means waste that is generated during production processes in industry, crafts and other processes which differs from municipal waste by its composition and its properties. Production process residues which are used in the production processes of the same producer are not considered production waste.
Inert waste means waste that does not undergo any significant physical, chemical and/or biological transformations.
Non-hazardous waste means waste which does not display any of the hazardous properties listed in Annex III of the Sustainable Waste Management Act (Official Gazette 94/13)
Hazardous waste means waste which displays one or more of the hazardous properties set out in Annex III of the Sustainable Waste Management Act (Official Gazette 94/13).
Special waste categories are:
Waste collection operations means waste collection and emergency waste collection operations, as well as the collection of waste in recycling centres.
Waste storage means preliminary storage of waste in a storage facility for a period not exceeding one year.
Recycling means any recovery operation, including the reprocessing of organic material, by which waste materials are reprocessed into products, materials or substances whether for the original or other purposes, but not including energy recovery or the reprocessing into materials that are to be used as fuels or for landfilling operations.
Recycling centre means a supervised fenced area intended for the separate collection and preliminary storage of smaller amounts of special types of waste.
Waste recovery means any operation the principal result of which is waste serving a useful purpose by replacing other materials which would otherwise have been used to fulfil a particular function, or waste being prepared to fulfil that function, in the plant or in the wider economy. Annex II to the Act sets out a non-exhaustive list of recovery operations.
Waste treatment means recovery or disposal operations, including preparation prior to recovery or disposal.
Thermal waste treatment means incineration, co-incineration and other waste treatment operations that change the temperature of waste to effect changes in the structure and properties of the waste.
Waste disposal means any operation which is not recovery even where the operation has as a secondary consequence the reclamation of substances or energy. Annex I to the Act sets out a non-exhaustive list of disposal operations.
Waste disposal operations include:
Waste recovery operations include:
– 0.60 for installations in operation and permitted in accordance with applicable Community legislation before 1 January 2009,
– 0.65 for installations permitted after 31 December 2008,
using the following formula:
Energy efficiency = (Ep – (Ef + Ei))/(0.97 × (Ew + Ef)) in which:
Ep means annual energy produced as heat or electricity. It is calculated with energy in form of electricity being multiplied by 2.6 and heat produced for commercial use multiplied by 1.1 (GJ/year)
Ef means annual energy input to the system from fuels contributing to the production of steam (GJ/year)
Ew means annual energy contained in the treated waste calculated using the net calorific value of the waste (GJ/year)
Ei means annual energy imported excluding Ew and Ef (GJ/year)
0.97 is a factor accounting for energy losses due to bottom ash and radiation.
This formula is applied in accordance with the reference document on best available techniques for waste incineration.
and other operations laid down by a special regulation.
The Government and the Ministry prescribe waste management measures to ensure the existence of an efficient waste management system.
The implementing authorities at the national level are the Agency and the Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund.
Local and district (regional) self-government units provide conditions for and ensure the implementation of the prescribed waste management measures in their respective areas.
Waste management planning documents are:
County, City of Zagreb, City and Municipal Waste Management Plans must be aligned with the Waste Management Strategy and Plan of the Republic of Croatia, the Environmental Protection Strategy of the Republic of Croatia, and environmental protection programmes. Counties and the City of Zagreb work with the cities and municipalities in their respective areas on the development of their respective waste management plans. Two or more countries can enact a joint waste management plan. County, City of Zagreb, City and Municipal Waste Management Plans are enacted as constituent parts of the environmental protection programmes defined by special laws or as separate documents.
The Waste Management Strategy is a constituent part of the Environmental Protection Strategy of the Republic of Croatia. The Strategy defines and directs waste management in the long term. It contains, in particular:
Waste Management Plan of the Republic of Croatia (hereinafter: the Plan) shall define and direct the management of waste and, based on the analysis of the current waste management situation and the waste management targets set out in Articles 24, 25, 54 and 55 of this Act and the targets of the special waste category management systems set out in the ordinance referred to in Article 53, Paragraph 3 of this Act, lays down measures to be taken to improve the procedures preparing for reuse, recycling and other waste recovery and disposal operations within the land and sea territory under the sovereignty of the Republic of Croatia, i.e. in the area over which the Republic of Croatia exercises its sovereign rights and jurisdiction and contains in particular:
– General waste management measures,
– Measures for the management of hazardous wastes and for the remediation of the locations identified in the Plan as contaminated by waste,
– Measures for the management of special categories of waste,
– General waste management guidance (policies) and waste management methods, or policies
concerning wastes posing specific management problems,
– Guidelines for waste disposal and recovery in accordance with environmental protection principles and economic principles,
– Guidelines for ensuring the best technical, production and economic measures to attain the waste management targets,
– Technical and economic feasibility criteria for the management of hazardous waste,
– Financial arrangements to support measures required for the establishment of the waste management system,
– Measures to be taken for launching awareness campaigns and information provision directed at the general public or a specific set of consumers
– Measures for the management of marine waste.
13. Methods and deadlines for the execution of the Plan.
The Plan includes a waste management map which defines:
The Ministry is responsible for the preparation of the Plan, and the Government adopts it.
The Plan is adopted for a six-year period and amended as appropriate.
The Plan is published in the Official Gazette.
The development documents in specific areas of business activity must not be in contravention of the Plan.
The Ministry supervises the implementation of the Plan.
Every three years the Ministry submits to the Government a progress report on the fulfilment of obligations, compliance with the targets and on the efficiency of the measures laid down in the Plan.
The Ministry informs the European Commission of the adoption of the Plan and of any amendments thereto.
The waste management plan of a local self-government unit and the City of Zagreb includes at least:
The competent administrative body or the Ministry shall grant prior consent if it finds that the draft waste management plan of the unit of local self-government or of the City of Zagreb, respectively, is consistent with the provisions of this Act, regulations adopted on the basis thereof and the Plan.
The waste management plan of a local self-government unit or the City of Zagreb shall be adopted by the representative body of the local self-government unit or of the City of Zagreb, respectively.
The waste management plan of a local self-government unit or the City of Zagreb shall be adopted for a six-year period, and shall be reviewed as appropriate.
The waste management plan of a unit of local self-government or the City of Zagreb shall be published in the official journal of the local self-government unit or the City of Zagreb, respectively.
Waste holder means the waste producer or the natural or legal person who is in possession of the waste.
Waste producer means anyone whose activities produce waste and/or anyone who changes the composition or the properties of waste by pre-processing, mixing or other operations.
Municipal waste means waste generated by households or any other waste comparable in nature and composition to household waste, excluding production waste and waste from agriculture and forestry.
Mixed municipal waste means waste from households as well as commercial, industrial and institutional waste, which because of its nature and composition is similar to waste from households, from which no fractions have been excluded by means of a special operation (such as paper, glass, etc.) and is indicated in the Waste Catalogue under subheading 20 03 01.
Biodegradable waste means any waste that is capable of undergoing biological aerobic or anaerobic decomposition.
Biowaste means biodegradable garden and park waste, food and kitchen waste from households, restaurants, caterers and retail premises and comparable waste from food processing plants.
Biodegradable municipal waste means any waste generated by households and waste comparable in nature and composition to household waste, excluding production waste and waste from agriculture and forestry, which contains biodegradable waste.
Production waste means waste that is generated during production processes in industry, crafts and other processes which differs from municipal waste by its composition and its properties. Production process residues which are used in the production processes of the same producer are not considered production waste.
Inert waste means waste that does not undergo any significant physical, chemical and/or biological transformations.
Non-hazardous waste means waste which does not display any of the hazardous properties listed in Annex III of the Sustainable Waste Management Act (Official Gazette 94/13)
Hazardous waste means waste which displays one or more of the hazardous properties set out in Annex III of the Sustainable Waste Management Act (Official Gazette 94/13).
Special waste categories are:
- Biowaste,
- Textile and footwear waste,
- Packaging waste,
- End-of-life tyres,
- Waste oils,
- Waste batteries and accumulators,
- End-of-life vehicles,
- Asbestos-containing waste,
- Clinical waste,
- Waste electrical and electronic devices and equipment,
- End-of-life ships,
- Marine waste,
- Construction waste,
- Wastewater treatment sludge,
- Wastes from titanium dioxide production,
- Polychlorinated biphenyls waste and polychlorinated terphenyls waste.
Waste collection operations means waste collection and emergency waste collection operations, as well as the collection of waste in recycling centres.
Waste storage means preliminary storage of waste in a storage facility for a period not exceeding one year.
Recycling means any recovery operation, including the reprocessing of organic material, by which waste materials are reprocessed into products, materials or substances whether for the original or other purposes, but not including energy recovery or the reprocessing into materials that are to be used as fuels or for landfilling operations.
Recycling centre means a supervised fenced area intended for the separate collection and preliminary storage of smaller amounts of special types of waste.
Waste recovery means any operation the principal result of which is waste serving a useful purpose by replacing other materials which would otherwise have been used to fulfil a particular function, or waste being prepared to fulfil that function, in the plant or in the wider economy. Annex II to the Act sets out a non-exhaustive list of recovery operations.
Waste treatment means recovery or disposal operations, including preparation prior to recovery or disposal.
Thermal waste treatment means incineration, co-incineration and other waste treatment operations that change the temperature of waste to effect changes in the structure and properties of the waste.
Waste disposal means any operation which is not recovery even where the operation has as a secondary consequence the reclamation of substances or energy. Annex I to the Act sets out a non-exhaustive list of disposal operations.
Waste disposal operations include:
- D 1 Deposit into or on to land (e.g. landfill, etc.)
- D 2 Land treatment (e.g. biodegradation of liquid or sludgy discards in soils, etc.)
- D 3 Deep injection (e.g. injection of pumpable discards into wells, salt domes or naturally occurring repositories, etc.)
- D 4 Surface impoundment (e.g. placement of liquid or sludge discards into pits, ponds or lagoons, etc.)
- D 5 Specially engineered landfill (e.g. placement into lined cells which are capped and isolated from one another and the environment, etc.)
- D 6 Release into an inland water body except seas/oceans
- D 7 Release to seas/oceans including sea-bed insertion
- D 8 Biological treatment not specified elsewhere among these operations which results in final compounds or mixtures which are discarded by means of any of the operations numbered D 1 to D 12
- D 9 Physical-chemical treatment not specified elsewhere among these operations which results in final compounds or mixtures which are discarded by means of any of the operations numbered D 1 to D 12 (e.g. evaporation, drying, calcination, etc.)
- D 10 Incineration on land
- D 11 Incineration at sea (This operation is prohibited by the EU legislation and international conventions.)
- D 12 Permanent storage (e.g. emplacement of containers in a mine, etc.)
- D 13 Blending or mixing of waste prior to submission to any of the operations numbered D 1 to D 12 (If there is no other D code appropriate, this can include preliminary operations prior to disposal including pre-processing such as, among others, sorting, crushing, compacting, pelletising, drying, shredding, conditioning or separating prior to submission to any of the operations numbered D1 to D 12)
- D 14 Repackaging of waste prior to submission to any of the operations numbered D 1 to D 13, and
- D 15 Storage pending any of the operations numbered D 1 to D 14 (excluding temporary storage, pending collection on the site where the waste is produced).
- and other operations laid down by a special regulation.
Waste recovery operations include:
- R 1 Use principally as a fuel or other means to generate energy (This includes incineration facilities dedicated to the processing of municipal solid waste only where their energy efficiency is equal to or above:
– 0.60 for installations in operation and permitted in accordance with applicable Community legislation before 1 January 2009,
– 0.65 for installations permitted after 31 December 2008,
using the following formula:
Energy efficiency = (Ep – (Ef + Ei))/(0.97 × (Ew + Ef)) in which:
Ep means annual energy produced as heat or electricity. It is calculated with energy in form of electricity being multiplied by 2.6 and heat produced for commercial use multiplied by 1.1 (GJ/year)
Ef means annual energy input to the system from fuels contributing to the production of steam (GJ/year)
Ew means annual energy contained in the treated waste calculated using the net calorific value of the waste (GJ/year)
Ei means annual energy imported excluding Ew and Ef (GJ/year)
0.97 is a factor accounting for energy losses due to bottom ash and radiation.
This formula is applied in accordance with the reference document on best available techniques for waste incineration.
- R 2 Solvent reclamation/regeneration
- R 3 Recycling/reclamation of organic substances which are not used as solvents (including composting and other biological transformation processes) (this includes gasification and pyrolysis using the components as chemicals)
- R 4 Recycling/reclamation of metals and metal compounds
- R 5 Recycling/reclamation of other inorganic materials (this includes soil cleaning resulting in recovery of the soil and recycling of inorganic construction materials)
- R 6 Regeneration of acids and bases
- R 7 Recovery of components used for pollution abatement
- R 8 Recovery of components from catalysts
- R 9 Oil re-refining or other reuses of oil
- R 10 Land treatment resulting in benefit to agriculture or ecological improvement
- R 11 Use of waste obtained from any of the operations numbered R 1 to R 10
- R 12 Exchange of waste for submission to any of the operations numbered R 1 to R 11 (if there is no other R code appropriate, this can include preliminary operations prior to recovery including pre-processing such as, among others, dismantling, sorting, crushing, compacting, pelletising, drying, shredding, conditioning, repackaging, separating, blending or mixing prior to submission to any of the operations numbered R 1 to R 11)
- R 13 Storage of waste pending any of the operations numbered R 1 to R 12 (excluding temporary storage, pending collection, on the site where the waste is produced)
and other operations laid down by a special regulation.
The Government and the Ministry prescribe waste management measures to ensure the existence of an efficient waste management system.
The implementing authorities at the national level are the Agency and the Environmental Protection and Energy Efficiency Fund.
Local and district (regional) self-government units provide conditions for and ensure the implementation of the prescribed waste management measures in their respective areas.
Waste management planning documents are:
- Waste management Strategy of the Republic of Croatia (hereinafter: Strategy),
- Waste Management Plan of the Republic of Croatia,
- County (Regional) Waste Management Plan and Waste Management Plan of the City of Zagreb,
- City and Municipal Waste Management Plan, and
- Waste Management Plans of the waste producers.
County, City of Zagreb, City and Municipal Waste Management Plans must be aligned with the Waste Management Strategy and Plan of the Republic of Croatia, the Environmental Protection Strategy of the Republic of Croatia, and environmental protection programmes. Counties and the City of Zagreb work with the cities and municipalities in their respective areas on the development of their respective waste management plans. Two or more countries can enact a joint waste management plan. County, City of Zagreb, City and Municipal Waste Management Plans are enacted as constituent parts of the environmental protection programmes defined by special laws or as separate documents.
The Waste Management Strategy is a constituent part of the Environmental Protection Strategy of the Republic of Croatia. The Strategy defines and directs waste management in the long term. It contains, in particular:
- An assessment of the existing waste management situation,
- Basic waste management targets and measures,
- Hazardous waste management measures,
- Guidelines for waste disposal and recovery in accordance with environmental protection principles and economic principles,
- Guidelines for the disposal of waste whose generation is impossible to avoid and which is impossible to treat,
- Guidelines for ensuring the best technical, production and economic measures to attain the waste management targets.
- The Waste Management Strategy is enacted by the Croatian Parliament according to the procedure and in the manner set forth by a special law.
Waste Management Plan of the Republic of Croatia (hereinafter: the Plan) shall define and direct the management of waste and, based on the analysis of the current waste management situation and the waste management targets set out in Articles 24, 25, 54 and 55 of this Act and the targets of the special waste category management systems set out in the ordinance referred to in Article 53, Paragraph 3 of this Act, lays down measures to be taken to improve the procedures preparing for reuse, recycling and other waste recovery and disposal operations within the land and sea territory under the sovereignty of the Republic of Croatia, i.e. in the area over which the Republic of Croatia exercises its sovereign rights and jurisdiction and contains in particular:
- An analysis and evaluation of the current waste management situation, as well as an analysis and identification of the locations contaminated by waste,
- Basic waste management targets,
- The types, quantities and sources of waste generated in the territory of the Republic of Croatia, waste likely to be shipped from or to the Republic of Croatia, and an evaluation of the future waste flows,
- Existing waste management systems and the infrastructure of waste management facilities and installations, including any special schemes/systems for the management of special categories of waste,
- An assessment of the future development of waste flows, the need for and the manner of establishing new systems and additional infrastructure of waste management facilities and installations,
- General location criteria and criteria for the identification of the necessary capacities of future waste management facilities and installations,
- General technical requirements for waste management facilities and installations,
- Organisational aspects of waste management including the allocation of responsibilities between public and private actors in waste management,
- The list of projects in the Republic of Croatia and units of regional and local self-government of relevance for the implementation of the Plan,
- The sources and amounts of funds necessary for the implementation of all measures of waste management,
- An evaluation of the usefulness and suitability of using economic and other instruments in waste management taking into account the smooth functioning of the internal market,
- Measures and guidelines (policies) for the implementation of the Plan, which contain:
– General waste management measures,
– Measures for the management of hazardous wastes and for the remediation of the locations identified in the Plan as contaminated by waste,
– Measures for the management of special categories of waste,
– General waste management guidance (policies) and waste management methods, or policies
concerning wastes posing specific management problems,
– Guidelines for waste disposal and recovery in accordance with environmental protection principles and economic principles,
– Guidelines for ensuring the best technical, production and economic measures to attain the waste management targets,
– Technical and economic feasibility criteria for the management of hazardous waste,
– Financial arrangements to support measures required for the establishment of the waste management system,
– Measures to be taken for launching awareness campaigns and information provision directed at the general public or a specific set of consumers
– Measures for the management of marine waste.
13. Methods and deadlines for the execution of the Plan.
The Plan includes a waste management map which defines:
- Current waste management sites (landfills characterized by their status, companies and installations carrying out waste management),
- General distribution of the future sites of waste management facilities (waste management centres, transfer stations, thermal waste treatment plants, landfills for hazardous and non-hazardous inert waste).
The Ministry is responsible for the preparation of the Plan, and the Government adopts it.
The Plan is adopted for a six-year period and amended as appropriate.
The Plan is published in the Official Gazette.
The development documents in specific areas of business activity must not be in contravention of the Plan.
The Ministry supervises the implementation of the Plan.
Every three years the Ministry submits to the Government a progress report on the fulfilment of obligations, compliance with the targets and on the efficiency of the measures laid down in the Plan.
The Ministry informs the European Commission of the adoption of the Plan and of any amendments thereto.
The waste management plan of a local self-government unit and the City of Zagreb includes at least:
- An analysis and assessment of the current waste management situation and needs in the territory of the local self-government unit or the City of Zagreb respectively, including the state of compliance with the targets,
- Data on the type and quantities of the waste generated, the waste collected separately, on the landfilling of municipal and biodegradable waste and on the state of compliance with the targets,
- Data on the existing and future waste management facilities and installations, and on the status of remediation of non-compliant landfills and locations contaminated by waste,
- Data on the locations of discarded waste and its elimination,
- Measures required to comply with the waste minimization or waste prevention targets, including educational and information activities and waste collection drives,
- General measures for the management of waste, hazardous waste and special categories of waste,
- Measures for the collection of mixed municipal waste and biodegradable municipal waste,
- Measures for a separate collection of waste paper, metal, glass, plastic and bulky municipal waste,
- The list of projects of relevance for the implementation of the provisions of the Plan,
- Organisational aspects, sources and amounts of funds required for the implementation of waste management measures,
- Deadlines and persons responsible for the execution of the Plan.
The competent administrative body or the Ministry shall grant prior consent if it finds that the draft waste management plan of the unit of local self-government or of the City of Zagreb, respectively, is consistent with the provisions of this Act, regulations adopted on the basis thereof and the Plan.
The waste management plan of a local self-government unit or the City of Zagreb shall be adopted by the representative body of the local self-government unit or of the City of Zagreb, respectively.
The waste management plan of a local self-government unit or the City of Zagreb shall be adopted for a six-year period, and shall be reviewed as appropriate.
The waste management plan of a unit of local self-government or the City of Zagreb shall be published in the official journal of the local self-government unit or the City of Zagreb, respectively.
